1. 相信很多人都曾经在宜家家居 [IKEA] 买过东西
2. 上一篇我们说了宜家家居和它的创办人英格瓦·坎普拉德(Ingvar Kamprad)的故事
2. 上一篇我们说了宜家家居和它的创办人英格瓦·坎普拉德(Ingvar Kamprad)的故事
3. 英格瓦·坎普拉德在生活上虽然苛求节俭,但是在慈善事业上却出人意料的大方。
👉 他组织成立了全球最大的慈善基金会之一:宜家基金会,捐出230亿美金善款,惠及全球35个国家的1亿多儿童。
4. 他怎么这样富有,这么有钱的?
5. 答案是:他很会赚钱。
👉 而更令人咂舌的是:避税比回来的!
6. 每个人都有选择自己人生的权利,都可以将“我不得不做”转变成“我要做”的思维模式,进而影响行动模式。
7. 史蒂芬·柯维博士,被称为“美国思想巨匠”,在《高效能人士的七个习惯》这本书里面提到高效能人士的第二个习惯是 - 以终为始
👉 意思大概就是说无论我们开始创业,还是学习新的课程,都要设定好目标,用最终想要实现的结果引导开始,这将保证过程中不走偏
👉 英格瓦·坎普拉德在瑞典创立宜家家居 [IKEA] 后,醉心于避税
👉 利用不同国家或地区的税率差异,设立不同的公司,将高利润转移放在低税率国家的公司。因此,在税率较高的国家的公司,损益表 [Profit or Loss] 就剩剩下不多的利润了,自然而然要缴纳的税就大幅度减少了。
8. 他是怎样办到的?接下来我们就看英格瓦·坎普拉德(Ingvar Kamprad)的税务规划
9. 在1980年代初期,英瓦尔·坎普拉德把宜家家居,分为两个不同的集团:
🅰️ Inter IKEA Holding
🅰️ Inter IKEA Holding
~在卢森堡 [Luxembourg] 成立, 然后由在列支敦士登 [Liechtenstein] 成立的英特罗格基金会(Interogo Foundation)所持有。
~ Inter IKEA Holding 本身则是 Inter IKEA Systems 的母公司
🅱️ Inter IKEA Group
~ 在荷兰成立,由另外一家同样在荷兰成立的基金会 - Stichting INGKA 所持有
10. 在宜家家居双重股权结构的顶部,可以发现这两个集团都是 👉 由英瓦尔·坎普拉德家族成员所控制的 👉 私人基金会所拥有。
11. 过后,英瓦尔·坎普拉德把宜家家居的商业模式,转变为“特许经营”模式。
11. 过后,英瓦尔·坎普拉德把宜家家居的商业模式,转变为“特许经营”模式。
12. 作为 Inter IKEA Group 的母公司,Inter IKEA Holding 拥有“宜家特许经营概念” [IKEA franchise concept] 所需的品牌产权,然后再独家授权给Inter IKEA Systems。
👉 母公司授权给子公司
13. 这意味着,Inter IKEA Group 虽然本身没有任何的宜家家居商店,但是却持有特许经营权及品牌产权。
14. 大家现在应该看到一点眉目了吧:
👉 Inter IKEA Systems 利用这些知识产权来创建和发展IKEA特许经营概念。
👉 换句话说,Inter IKEA Systems 负责开发、提升和维护知识产权。
15. 同时 Inter IKEA Systems 还负责管理特许经营合同,并向全球宜家家居商店收取其营业额的3%作为特许经营费 [franchise fee]。
16. 在支付了营业额的3%作为特许经营费 [franchise fee] 后,作为回报,全球宜家家居商店有权使用 IKEA 商标 [IKEA trademark],并获得操作和开发“宜家特许经营概念”的专有技术 [know-how]。
17. Inter IKEA Systems 向 Inter IKEA Holding 支付专利使用费 [Licence Fee] 。
18. Inter IKEA Systems 支付给 Inter IKEA Holding 的知识产权费 [Licence Fee] 占了 Inter IKEA Systems大部分的收入。
👉 也因此,Inter IKEA Systems 的大部分特许经营利润被转移到在卢森堡的 Inter IKEA Holding。
👉 Inter IKEA Holding与卢森堡政府有着一项特殊税收方案,根据2006年税收裁定, Inter IKEA Holding 在卢森堡享有免税优惠。
👉 这让 Inter IKEA Holding 在卢森堡几乎免征公司税。
19. 令欧盟光火的是,这些由荷兰公司 Inter IKEA Systems 所赚取的特许经营费 [franchise fee],也没有在其他欧盟国家征税。
👉 因此,宜家家居整个集团在不同的国家所要征税的税率,从原本的35%(比利时)至64%(法国)大幅度降低。
20. 上一篇也提到,如果宜家家居的高级管理层想压缩某国分公司的利润,只要提高该国销售公司所需要缴纳的特许经营费 [franchise fee],就可以了。
21. 宜家家居在2006年至2011年这段时间,正是以“专利使用费” [Licence Fee] 的名义,将荷兰公司的高额利润转移到卢森堡的公司。
22. 宜家卢森堡公司 2010年利润不少于25亿欧元,但是全年纳税额却仅为4.8万欧元,税率0.002%,这简直难以想象了。
23. 这怎么得了,当然,这种途径最终被欧盟叫停。
24. 宜家家居就此妥协吗?
25. 当然不!
#TransferPricing
#转让定价系列
1. TP: 1 - 转让定价,究竟是骗术还是魔术
#TransferPricing
#转让定价系列
1. TP: 1 - 转让定价,究竟是骗术还是魔术
[A critique of Transfer Pricing: It's not art, science - its magic!]
👉 https://www.facebook.com/102267244519542/posts/449306889815574/
👉 https://www.facebook.com/102267244519542/posts/449306889815574/
2. TP: 2.1 - 宜家家居玩转转让定价,绝世经典
[Ikea: flat pack tax avoidance through Transfer Pricing Arrangement]
🌻🌻🌻🌻🌻🌻🌻🌻🌻🌻🌻🌻
1 - 么是同期资料和当中的主体文档、本地文档、国别报告,以及特殊事项文档
https://ccsyourauditor.blogspot.com/2021/03/transfer-pricing-faq-1.html
2 - 准备同期资料 [Contemporaneous Transfer Pricing Documentation] 的目的是什么?
https://ccsyourauditor.blogspot.com/2021/03/transfer-pricing-faq-2-contemporaneous.html
3 - 主体文档 [Master File] 主要内容有哪些?
https://ccsyourauditor.blogspot.com/2021/03/transfer-pricing-faq-3-master-file.html
4 - 本地文档 [Local File] 主要内容有哪些?
https://ccsyourauditor.blogspot.com/2021/03/transfer-pricing-faq-4-local-file.html
5 - 税收局为什么好像只 查 我?
https://ccsyourauditor.blogspot.com/2021/04/transfer-pricing-faq-5.html
https://ccsyourauditor.blogspot.com/2021/05/transfer-pricing-faq-6-form-c.html
7 - 税收局是否要求企业在年度申报时,提交同期资料?
https://ccsyourauditor.blogspot.com/2021/05/transfer-pricing-faq-7.html
8 - 企业如果没有按规定准备转让定价同期资料,有何风险?
https://ccsyourauditor.blogspot.com/2021/05/transfer-pricing-faq-8.html
9 - 同期资料准备的合规标准有哪些?
https://ccsyourauditor.blogspot.com/2021/05/transfer-pricing-faq-9.html
10 - 本地转让定价文档 [Local File]中 关联交易可接受的 转让定价方法有哪些?
https://ccsyourauditor.blogspot.com/2021/05/transfer-pricing-faq-10-local-file.html
11 - 本地转让定价文档 [Local File]中 需要重点关注关联方的哪些信息?
https://ccsyourauditor.blogspot.com/2021/05/transfer-pricing-faq-11-local-file.html
12 - 企业提交的同期资料中,有哪些常见问题?
13 - 转让定价可比性分析中 为什么要进行财务分析?
14 - 税收局在做转让定价的财务分析,大概会包括哪些内容?
15 - 转让定价中的财务分析有哪些方法和技巧?
16 - 在转让定价的财务分析中有哪些财务指标可以运用?
17 - 在转让定价上如何进行 财务分析信息的筛选?
18 - 这样一家公司 你说税收局查不查 【转让定价调查中财务分析的侧重点主要包括哪些】?
19 - 如何通过财务分析,对企业的功能有初步了解?
20 - 如何进行关联交易和非关联交易的净利率分析?
https://ccsyourauditor.blogspot.com/2021/06/transfer-pricing-faq-21.html
22 - 行业分析的作用是什么?
https://ccsyourauditor.blogspot.com/2021/06/transfer-pricing-faq-22.html
23 - 行业分析的内容有哪些?
https://ccsyourauditor.blogspot.com/2021/06/transfer-pricing-faq-23.html
24 - 行业分析资料的来源有哪些?
https://ccsyourauditor.blogspot.com/2021/06/transfer-pricing-faq-24.html
25 - 企业所处的行业 对企业盈利水平有什么影响?
https://ccsyourauditor.blogspot.com/2021/06/transfer-pricing-faq-25.html
26 - 如何运用行业报告 开展转让定价分析?
https://ccsyourauditor.blogspot.com/2021/06/transfer-pricing-faq-26.html
27 - 行业分析,是否要考虑地理位置和市场区域?
https://ccsyourauditor.blogspot.com/2021/06/transfer-pricing-faq-27.html
28 - 市场可比性,包括哪些经济情形?
https://ccsyourauditor.blogspot.com/2021/06/transfer-pricing-faq-28.html
29 - 产业周期 对行业利润的影响有哪些?
https://ccsyourauditor.blogspot.com/2021/06/transfer-pricing-faq-29.html
30 - 产业政策 对行业利润的影响有哪些?
https://ccsyourauditor.blogspot.com/2021/06/transfer-pricing-faq-30.html
31 - 市场竞争环境及行业对企业有什么影响?
https://ccsyourauditor.blogspot.com/2021/06/transfer-pricing-faq-31.html
32 - 如何评价企业 在集团价值链中的地位?
https://ccsyourauditor.blogspot.com/2021/06/transfer-pricing-faq-32.html
33 - 企业行业分析 与可比性分析有什么关?
https://ccsyourauditor.blogspot.com/2021/06/transfer-pricing-faq-33.html
34 - 示例制药行业有哪些特点和转让定价问题?
https://ccsyourauditor.blogspot.com/2021/06/transfer-pricing-faq-34.html
35 - 示例汽车行业,有哪些特点和转让定价问题?
https://ccsyourauditor.blogspot.com/2021/06/transfer-pricing-faq-35.html
36 - 示例大宗农产品行业,有哪些特点和转让定价问题?
https://ccsyourauditor.blogspot.com/2021/06/transfer-pricing-faq-36.html
37 - 什么是 功能分析?
https://ccsyourauditor.blogspot.com/2021/07/transfer-pricing-faq-37.html
💡💡💡💡💡💡💡💡💡💡💡💡💡💡
1 - 转让定价,究竟是骗术还是魔术
[A critique of Transfer Pricing: It's not art, science - its magic!]
https://ccsyourauditor.blogspot.com/2021/01/tp-1-critique-of-transfer-pricing-its.html
2.1 - 宜家家居玩转转让定价,绝世经典
[Ikea: flat pack tax avoidance through Transfer Pricing Arrangement]
https://ccsyourauditor.blogspot.com/2021/01/tp-21-ikea-flat-pack-tax-avoidance.html
2.2 - 宜家家居玩转转让定价,2009年至2014年在欧盟避税估计10亿欧元
[IKEA transfer pricing strategy: disassembly instructions]
https://ccsyourauditor.blogspot.com/2021/01/tp-22-2009201410-ikea-transfer-pricing.html
2.3 - IKEA 玩转转让定价,天衣无缝大师级的税筹 10亿欧元
[IKEA transfer pricing strategy: disassembly instructions]
https://ccsyourauditor.blogspot.com/2021/01/tp-23-ikea-10-ikea-transfer-pricing.html
3 - 转让定价: 您需要知道的5件事
[5 things you should know about Transfer Pricing]
https://ccsyourauditor.blogspot.com/2021/01/tp-3-5-5-things-you-should-know-about.html
4 - 转让定价: 税基侵蚀和利润转移的由来
[About BEPS, Base Erosion and Profit Shifting]
https://ccsyourauditor.blogspot.com/2021/01/tp-4-about-beps-base-erosion-and-profit.html
5 - 转让定价: 没有最好,只有“被认为”最适合的方式
[Selection of Methods (How, Why and Use of Methods)]
https://ccsyourauditor.blogspot.com/2021/01/tp-5-selection-of-methods-how-why-and.html
6 - 谁需要准备转让定价文档
[Who should prepare Transfer Pricing Documentation]
https://ccsyourauditor.blogspot.com/2021/01/tp-6-who-should-prepare-transfer.html
7 - 马来西亚的 “转让定价”
[Transfer Pricing In Malaysia]
https://ccsyourauditor.blogspot.com/2021/01/tp-7-transfer-pricing-in-malaysia.html
8 - 关于“独立交易原则”,马来西亚有什么立法或法规?
[How Malaysia's legislation or regulation make reference to the Arm’s Length Principle?]
https://ccsyourauditor.blogspot.com/2021/01/transfer-pricing-8-how-malaysias.html
9 - “独立交易原则”的由来
[A brief History of the Arm’s Length Principle]
https://ccsyourauditor.blogspot.com/2021/01/transfer-pricing-9-brief-history-of.html
10 - OECD 转让定价指南在马来西亚所扮演的角色
[Role of the OECD Transfer Pricing Guidelines under Malaysia legislation]
https://ccsyourauditor.blogspot.com/2021/01/transfer-pricing-10-oecd-role-of-oecd.html
11 - 马来西亚有任何法律或法规为“关联方”作出定义吗?
[Any Malaysia legislation or regulation provide a definition of related parties?]
https://ccsyourauditor.blogspot.com/2021/01/transfer-pricing-11-any-malaysia.html
12 - 马来西亚的转让定价方法
[Transfer Pricing Methods in Malaysia]
https://ccsyourauditor.blogspot.com/2021/01/transfer-pricing-12-transfer-pricing.html
13 - 马来西亚"转让定价"方法的遴选准则
[Criterion uses in Malaysia for the application of transfer pricing methods]
https://ccsyourauditor.blogspot.com/2021/01/transfer-pricing-13-criterion-uses-in.html
[A critique of Transfer Pricing: It's not art, science - its magic!]
https://ccsyourauditor.blogspot.com/2021/01/tp-1-critique-of-transfer-pricing-its.html
2.1 - 宜家家居玩转转让定价,绝世经典
[Ikea: flat pack tax avoidance through Transfer Pricing Arrangement]
https://ccsyourauditor.blogspot.com/2021/01/tp-21-ikea-flat-pack-tax-avoidance.html
2.2 - 宜家家居玩转转让定价,2009年至2014年在欧盟避税估计10亿欧元
[IKEA transfer pricing strategy: disassembly instructions]
https://ccsyourauditor.blogspot.com/2021/01/tp-22-2009201410-ikea-transfer-pricing.html
2.3 - IKEA 玩转转让定价,天衣无缝大师级的税筹 10亿欧元
[IKEA transfer pricing strategy: disassembly instructions]
https://ccsyourauditor.blogspot.com/2021/01/tp-23-ikea-10-ikea-transfer-pricing.html
3 - 转让定价: 您需要知道的5件事
[5 things you should know about Transfer Pricing]
https://ccsyourauditor.blogspot.com/2021/01/tp-3-5-5-things-you-should-know-about.html
4 - 转让定价: 税基侵蚀和利润转移的由来
[About BEPS, Base Erosion and Profit Shifting]
https://ccsyourauditor.blogspot.com/2021/01/tp-4-about-beps-base-erosion-and-profit.html
5 - 转让定价: 没有最好,只有“被认为”最适合的方式
[Selection of Methods (How, Why and Use of Methods)]
https://ccsyourauditor.blogspot.com/2021/01/tp-5-selection-of-methods-how-why-and.html
6 - 谁需要准备转让定价文档
[Who should prepare Transfer Pricing Documentation]
https://ccsyourauditor.blogspot.com/2021/01/tp-6-who-should-prepare-transfer.html
7 - 马来西亚的 “转让定价”
[Transfer Pricing In Malaysia]
https://ccsyourauditor.blogspot.com/2021/01/tp-7-transfer-pricing-in-malaysia.html
8 - 关于“独立交易原则”,马来西亚有什么立法或法规?
[How Malaysia's legislation or regulation make reference to the Arm’s Length Principle?]
https://ccsyourauditor.blogspot.com/2021/01/transfer-pricing-8-how-malaysias.html
9 - “独立交易原则”的由来
[A brief History of the Arm’s Length Principle]
https://ccsyourauditor.blogspot.com/2021/01/transfer-pricing-9-brief-history-of.html
10 - OECD 转让定价指南在马来西亚所扮演的角色
[Role of the OECD Transfer Pricing Guidelines under Malaysia legislation]
https://ccsyourauditor.blogspot.com/2021/01/transfer-pricing-10-oecd-role-of-oecd.html
11 - 马来西亚有任何法律或法规为“关联方”作出定义吗?
[Any Malaysia legislation or regulation provide a definition of related parties?]
https://ccsyourauditor.blogspot.com/2021/01/transfer-pricing-11-any-malaysia.html
12 - 马来西亚的转让定价方法
[Transfer Pricing Methods in Malaysia]
https://ccsyourauditor.blogspot.com/2021/01/transfer-pricing-12-transfer-pricing.html
13 - 马来西亚"转让定价"方法的遴选准则
[Criterion uses in Malaysia for the application of transfer pricing methods]
https://ccsyourauditor.blogspot.com/2021/01/transfer-pricing-13-criterion-uses-in.html
[Nature of the business/industry and market conditions of Pharmaceutical Industry]
https://ccsyourauditor.blogspot.com/2021/02/transfer-pricing-14-nature-of.html
15 - 有谁可以做 Transfer Pricing?
https://ccsyourauditor.blogspot.com/2021/02/transfer-pricing-14-nature-of.html
15 - 有谁可以做 Transfer Pricing?
[Transfer Pricing Documentation Step BY Step]
https://ccsyourauditor.blogspot.com/2021/02/transfer-pricing-15-transfer-pricing.html
16 - 积极主动准备可能发生的“转移定价”审计
https://ccsyourauditor.blogspot.com/2021/02/transfer-pricing-15-transfer-pricing.html
16 - 积极主动准备可能发生的“转移定价”审计
[5 Ways to be Proactive and Prepared for Transfer Pricing Audits]
https://ccsyourauditor.blogspot.com/2021/02/transfer-pricing-16-5-ways-to-be.html
17 - “转移定价”,与你有关吗 [Transfer Pricing, Is it applicable to you]
https://ccsyourauditor.blogspot.com/2021/02/transfer-pricing-17-transfer-pricing-is.html
18 - “转移定价”的 3A2A法则
https://ccsyourauditor.blogspot.com/2021/02/transfer-pricing-16-5-ways-to-be.html
17 - “转移定价”,与你有关吗 [Transfer Pricing, Is it applicable to you]
https://ccsyourauditor.blogspot.com/2021/02/transfer-pricing-17-transfer-pricing-is.html
18 - “转移定价”的 3A2A法则
[Transfer Pricing - Rule of 3A2A]
https://ccsyourauditor.blogspot.com/2021/02/transfer-pricing-18-3a2a-transfer.html
19 - 选择好转让定价的会计师或税务顾问,切实做好关联交易同期资料准备
https://ccsyourauditor.blogspot.com/2021/03/transfer-pricing-19.html
20 - 跨国关联企业一般有着共同的目标,并由一个中心进行控制
https://ccsyourauditor.blogspot.com/2021/03/transfer-pricing-20.html
21 - 转让定价与国际避税 – 1: 跨国关联企业简介
https://ccsyourauditor.blogspot.com/2021/03/transfer-pricing-21-1.html
22 - 本地公司,也中税收局追查转让定价文档
https://ccsyourauditor.blogspot.com/2021/02/transfer-pricing-18-3a2a-transfer.html
19 - 选择好转让定价的会计师或税务顾问,切实做好关联交易同期资料准备
https://ccsyourauditor.blogspot.com/2021/03/transfer-pricing-19.html
20 - 跨国关联企业一般有着共同的目标,并由一个中心进行控制
https://ccsyourauditor.blogspot.com/2021/03/transfer-pricing-20.html
21 - 转让定价与国际避税 – 1: 跨国关联企业简介
https://ccsyourauditor.blogspot.com/2021/03/transfer-pricing-21-1.html
22 - 本地公司,也中税收局追查转让定价文档
[Transfer Pricing Document]
https://ccsyourauditor.blogspot.com/2021/04/transfer-pricing-22-transfer-pricing.html
23 - 成本分摊协议 什么来的
https://ccsyourauditor.blogspot.com/2021/04/transfer-pricing-22-transfer-pricing.html
23 - 成本分摊协议 什么来的
[Cost Contribution Arrangement]
https://ccsyourauditor.blogspot.com/2021/04/transfer-pricing-23-cost-contribution.html
24 - 成本分摊协议核心要素 – 参与方
https://ccsyourauditor.blogspot.com/2021/04/transfer-pricing-23-cost-contribution.html
24 - 成本分摊协议核心要素 – 参与方
[Cost Contribution Arrangement - Participants]
https://ccsyourauditor.blogspot.com/2021/04/transfer-pricing-24-cost-contribution.html
25 - 成本分摊协议核心要素 – 成本
https://ccsyourauditor.blogspot.com/2021/04/transfer-pricing-24-cost-contribution.html
25 - 成本分摊协议核心要素 – 成本
[Cost Contribution Arrangement - Cost]
https://ccsyourauditor.blogspot.com/2021/04/transfer-pricing-25-cost-contribution.html
26 - 成本分摊协议核心要素 – 参与者贡献的数额
https://ccsyourauditor.blogspot.com/2021/04/transfer-pricing-25-cost-contribution.html
26 - 成本分摊协议核心要素 – 参与者贡献的数额
[Cost Contribution Arrangement - Contribution]
https://ccsyourauditor.blogspot.com/2021/04/transfer-pricing-26-cost-contribution.html
27 - 成本分摊协议核心要素 – 成本分摊 是否恰当
https://ccsyourauditor.blogspot.com/2021/04/transfer-pricing-26-cost-contribution.html
27 - 成本分摊协议核心要素 – 成本分摊 是否恰当
[Cost Contribution Arrangement - Whether Proportionate Sharing is Appropriate]
https://ccsyourauditor.blogspot.com/2021/04/transfer-pricing-27-cost-contribution.html
28 - 成本分摊协议核心要素 – 加入支付和 退出补偿
https://ccsyourauditor.blogspot.com/2021/04/transfer-pricing-27-cost-contribution.html
28 - 成本分摊协议核心要素 – 加入支付和 退出补偿
[Cost Contribution Arrangement - Entry, Withdrawal and Termination
https://ccsyourauditor.blogspot.com/2021/04/transfer-pricing-28-cost-contribution.html
☘️☘️☘️☘️☘️☘️☘️☘️☘️☘️
1. 特讯 51:2021年1月1日起,请注意转移定价(Transfer Pricing)
https://ccsyourauditor.blogspot.com/2020/12/51202111transfer-pricing.html
2. Issue No. 15/2021 :一旦税务局作出要求, 需要在14天内提交转让定价文档
https://ccsyourauditor.blogspot.com/2021/03/issue-no-152021-14.html
3. Issue No. 38/2021 :联合国发布新的 2021 年转让定价实用手册
https://ccsyourauditor.blogspot.com/2021/04/transfer-pricing-28-cost-contribution.html
☘️☘️☘️☘️☘️☘️☘️☘️☘️☘️
1. 特讯 51:2021年1月1日起,请注意转移定价(Transfer Pricing)
https://ccsyourauditor.blogspot.com/2020/12/51202111transfer-pricing.html
2. Issue No. 15/2021 :一旦税务局作出要求, 需要在14天内提交转让定价文档
https://ccsyourauditor.blogspot.com/2021/03/issue-no-152021-14.html
3. Issue No. 38/2021 :联合国发布新的 2021 年转让定价实用手册
[UN releases New 2021 Practical Manual on Transfer Pricing]
https://ccsyourauditor.blogspot.com/2021/06/issue-no-382021-2021-un-releases-new.html
https://ccsyourauditor.blogspot.com/2021/06/issue-no-382021-2021-un-releases-new.html
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#ComparableUncontrolledPriceMethod
#ContemporaneousTransferPricingDocumentation
#CostContributionArrangement
#CostPlusMethod
#CUP
#EarningsStrippingRules
#FAR
#FunctionalAnalysis
#IntragroupFinancing
#IntraGroupServices
#LocalFile
#MalaysianTransferPricingGuidelines
#MasterFile
#OECD
#ProfitSplitMethod
#RelatedPartyTransaction
#ResalePriceMethod
#TransactionalNetMarginMethod
#TNMM
#TransferPricingMethods
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#WhatIsTransferPricing
#马来西亚转让定价
#什么是转让定价
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👉 专业资讯送到你手中
1. 网站 ✍️ https://www.ccs-co.com/
2. Telegram ✍️ http://bit.ly/YourAuditor
3. Instagram ✍ http://tiny.cc/rojzrz
4. 部落格 ✍ https://ccsyourauditor.blogspot.com/
5. Google ✍ http://tiny.cc/9oussz
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