Monday, June 1, 2015

到底外汇兑现的净亏(Net Realized Loss On Foreign Exchange)该不该出现在消费税报表(GST-03)的C12?

关税局一直说他们有先进的系统,我对这总是有所保留。

我在课堂上向学员说,消费税报表(GST-03)的C12,需要用到的税务编号是ES及ES43。

关于外汇兑现的赚亏(Realized Gain/Loss On Foreign Exchange),我是建议采用ES43这个税务编号。

但是,当会计师们去执行时,发现一个问题,就是当外汇兑现的亏损 >  外汇兑现的净利时,消费税报表会呈现负数,如下图。



那么,究竟要怎样处理?

然后大家很在乎关税局的那一行字 - “cannot be negative”,于是忘了消费税的原则与概念。

于是,为了解决这个问题,有些人建议,采用ES43这个税务编号的交易,不应该出现在C12这栏。

关税局是不是每一次都对的?商家,又或者消费税顾问(GST Consultant)是否每次都是错的?


其实,全世界160多个国家已经实行了消费税,消费税的原则与概念几乎是大同小于的,马来西亚没有理由独善其中的。

在参考马来西亚关税局的指南与邻国新加坡的指南后,我依然坚持外汇兑现的净亏(Realized Gain/Loss On Foreign Exchange)需要采用ES43这个税务编号,并且需要呈报在消费税报表的C12那。

看看新加坡如何诠释外汇净亏(Gain/Loss On Foreign Exchange),以及处理方式:


错与对的诠释:


举例:


现在,看回我们马来西亚,假设:

外汇兑现净赚 (Gain on Foreign Exchange) = 445.68 (CR) 

外汇兑现亏损 (Loss on Foreign Exchange) = 622.75 (DR)

外汇兑现净亏Net Foreign Exchange) = 445.68 – 622.75 = (177.07)

那么,绝对等值 (Therefore, Absolute Value) = 177.07

而不是 - 177.07(负)。

那么,怎样记载去消费税报表?


以SQL为例子,先设定,如下:


攫取报表时,要这样做:


点选它:


正确的报表:


正确的税务编号:


还有,正确的账目记载:


总结:所以,消费税的概念要清楚,不要因为关税局讲他们的系统有多强大,多先进,就怀疑自己的能力。

8 comments:

  1. 老师,

    就是说四月份开的单有foreign exchange gain/loss 的都要报在c12 正数值吗?

    gain = positive figure
    loss = positive figure?

    而tax code 是ES-43, 对吗?

    ReplyDelete
    Replies
    1. 天空蓝,

      是的。

      gain = positive figure
      loss = drop 掉 negative,即:变成positive。

      是的,ES43

      Delete
  2. 您好,
    1)I had a negative standard supply figure that need to fill in field 5(a) of gst return, because of a cancellation of sales during the period. Does that mean I just drop off the negative sign when fill up the gst return?

    2) if the answer is yes, wouldn't it be misleading.. Because positive figure may meant that Ihad made a sales of standard supply, but in fact I had a sales cancellation.

    Thanks for your time.

    ReplyDelete
    Replies
    1. jasmineapk,

      If you issue CN for your customer, by using SR as tax code, 5a & 5b both will show negative figures, to exclude the value and the gst, and this is the proper way.

      You can't drop the "-"

      Delete
    2. Hi,

      I get what you meant. But when I fill the negative figure in 5(a), it shown 'can not be negative' and I can not proceed further. Please advice.

      Thank you.

      Delete
    3. jasmineapk,

      Have to check with software dealer。

      Delete
  3. 想请问老师。。

    如果三月的单,但是四月才给钱,四月才有foreign gain/loss,是不是需要报在C12呢?

    谢谢您

    ReplyDelete
  4. 天空蓝,

    这是3月的,不在消费税范围内。

    ReplyDelete

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